Mirza ghalib bharat bhushan biography

He wrote:. An ocean of blood churns around me - Alas! Was this all? The future will show what more remains for me to see. His original Takhallus pen-name was Asad meaning liondrawn from his given name, Asadullah Khan. At some point early in his poetic career he also decided to adopt the pen-name of Ghalib meaning all conquering, superior, most excellent.

During the reign of the British, the badshah became a British pensioner. He was kept under strict supervision by the British along with his visitors including Ghalib as they grew suspicious of him. This made Ghalib take a long journey to Calcutta to make an appeal about his pension to the British Governor General. Mirza Ghalib came to the city of joy and fell in love.

His love for Kolkata is depicted in one of his creations, Safar-e-Kalkattah where he talks about his stay in his humble abode, Haveli No situated in the Simla Market Area during his stay in Kolkata. He used to write his verses in Urdu but started writing his poetry in Persian after this visit. He realized that the literary circle of Calcutta was very different from his known world.

During his stay in Kolkata, he attended many literary gatherings which were not courtly in nature unlike Delhi. These were far liberal and flexible in nature which is imperative for any individual with a creative bent of mind. He established himself as one of the renowned poets in Calcutta and received both appreciation and criticism from the enlightened audience of the city.

His letters bear a testimony of his tale of love with Calcutta. In a letter that he wrote to Mirza Ali Bakhsh Khan, he says how the city has stolen his heart and left him mesmerized. He referred to the city as a place which offered a remedy for everything except death and also praised the talented people of the city. Ghalib practically reprimanded Khan for wasting his talents and time on dead things.

The poem was unexpected, but it came at a time when Khan's thought and feelings were already inclining toward change. Ghalib seemed to be acutely aware of a European[English]-sponsored change in world polity, especially Indian polity. Syed Ahmed Khan might well have been piqued at Ghalib's admonitions, but he would also have realized that Ghalib's reading of the situation, though not nuanced enough, was basically accurate.

Khan may also have felt that he, being better informed about the English and the outside world, should have himself seen the change that now seemed to be just around the corner. The object of my worship lies beyond perception's reach; For men who see, the qibla is a compass, nothing more. Like many other Urdu poets, Ghalib was capable of writing profoundly religious poetry, yet was skeptical about some interpretations of the Islamic scriptures done by certain religious leaders.

How canst Thou burn with a fire-mark in Hell a heart that finds no rest even in a garden? And, in Paradise, it is true that I shall drink at dawn the pure wine mentioned in the Quranbut where shall I find again the star of dawn I used to see on earth, and my crystal cup? Where in Paradise are the long walks of intoxicated friends in the night, or the drunken crowds shouting merrily?

In that holy tavern, silent and still, how canst Thou introduce the sounds of the flute and the gay bustle of the taverns of this earth? Where shall I find, there, the intoxication of raining clouds? Where there is no autumn, how can spring exist? If the beautiful houries are eternally in one's heart, what of the sweet thought of them? Where will be the sadness of separation and the joy of union?

How could we be thankful to an unknown beauty? What will be the pleasure of a sure fruition of love, without waiting? Where shall we find, there, a girl who flees away when we would kiss her? Where will be, there, one who betrays us with false oaths of love? The beauties of Paradise will obey us and their lips will never say anything bitter; they will give us pleasure, but with a heart forever closed to the desire for pleasure.

Will there be in Paradise oglings, the pleasure of coquettish glances from afar? Where will it be, in Paradise, the dear window in a well-known wall?. What's the relation between the Preacher and the door of the tavern, but believe me, Ghalib, I am sure I saw him slip in as I departed. In another verse directed towards certain maulavis clericshe criticized them for their ignorance and arrogant certitude: "Look deeper, it is you alone who cannot hear the mirza ghalib bharat bhushan biography of his secrets".

The colonel, bemused at his appearance, inquired in broken Urdu, "Well? You Muslim? Who knew the secrets of whirling Time 'Sir you well perceive, That goodness and faith, Fidelity and love Have all departed from this sorry land. Father and son are at each other's throat; Brother fights brother. Unity and Federation are undermined. Despite these ominous signs Why has not Doomsday come?

Why does not the Last Trumpet sound? Who holds the reins of the Final Catastrophe? Ghalib held Persian in high regard, and his knowledge of the language was a point of pride for him. See my Persian [poetry] so that you may see colorful pictures of many hues. The majority of Ghalib's poetic compositions in Persian were qasidahs dedicated to numerous patron rulers.

Ghalib also created ghazals and mathnawis in Persian. He also created prose works, such as Panj ahanginitially published in Another such historical work was Dastanbuan eyewitness account of the revolt and its aftermath. Ghalib's last significant work in Persian was Qaat'i-e Burhaana critique of Burhaan-e-Qaat'ia controversial Persian dictionary.

There are some amusing anecdotes of the competition between Ghalib and Zauq and exchange of jibes between them. However, there was mutual respect for each other's talent. Both also admired and acknowledged the supremacy of Meer Taqi Meera towering figure of 18th century Urdu Poetry. Another poet Mominwhose ghazals had a distinctly lyrical flavour, [ 47 ] was also a famous contemporary of Ghalib.

Hali has also written a biography of Ghalib titled Yaadgaar-e-Ghalib. Ghalib was not only a poet, he was also a prolific prose writer. His letters are a reflection of the political and social climate of the time. They also refer to many contemporaries like Mir Mehdi Majrooh, who himself was a good poet and Ghalib's lifelong acquaintance.

The poems written by Ghalib were tough to understand. He sometimes made the sentence syntax so complex that people had difficulty in understanding them. Un ke har sher mein jahan e mani poshidah hota hai. Asal mein takhliq ka matlab hi ye hai ke jo nahi tha is ko banaya jaye. Duniya mein koi esa fankar nahi howa jo infiradiyat aur naye pan yani originality ke fuqdan ke bawajod bara ban gaya ho.

Mirza Ghalib ne shayari mein pora slob hi takhliq kar dala. Humein ese tarz e shayari se roshanaz karaya jis ki phele koi nazir nahi milti. Ghalib ki shayari part dar part aur teh dar teh kholti chali jati hai. Falsafyana mozuat ko unhon en jis aasani se sheri takhliq ke qalb mein dhala is ki misl na un se phele thi, na un ke bad mein, un ki shairi ki afaqiyat aur lafani hone ke leyeyehi dalil kafi hai ke wo aah ki nasal mein bhi maqbol hain.

Ye nasal kalam e Ghalib ki is manuyat ko pa rahi hai jo is ke sciencesi dor ki zarorat hai kyun ke Ghalib ki fikar darasal fitrat ke qarib tar aur sciencesi hai chunacha ye baat herankun nahi honi chaheye ke Ghalib kisi sarkari sarparasti ke bagheir maqboliyat mein tamam shora se aage hain. Ghalib ke kalam se shora ko ye sekhna chaheye ke apne dork o batin mein yun sachai se ameza aur mehsos kiya jaye ke khayal sheri takhliq ban kar baramad ho aur is mein kahein masnoi pan ka shuba tak na ho.

Yehi shairi na sirf apne dor ki tasveer hoti hai balke mustaqbil mein bhi zinda rahti hai. Leki is ke leye taqatwar takhliqi shakhsiyat ki zarorat hoti hai kyun ke ye nihayat mushkil kaam hai. Ghalib hama jahat takhliqi fankar the. Mirza Ghalib ki shakhsiyat bari aur ghair mamoli thi. None of his seven children survived beyond infancy. After his marriage, he settled in Delhi.

In one of his letters, he describes his marriage as the second imprisonment after the initial confinement that was life itself. The idea that life is one continuous painful struggle that can end only when life itself ends, is a recurring theme in his poetry. One of his couplets puts it in a nutshell: Mirza Ghalib's view of the world as he sees the world is like a playground where everyone is busy in some mundane activity and merrymaking rather than something of greater value as he wrote: There are conflicting reports regarding his relationship with his wife.

She was considered to be pious, conservative, and God-fearing. Ghalib was proud of his reputation as a rake. He was once imprisoned for gambling and subsequently relished the affair with pride. In the Mughal court circles, he even acquired a reputation as a "ladies' man". He has never tasted the wine, nor has he ever gambled; he has not been beaten with slippers by lovers, nor has he ever seen the inside of a jail.

The conferment of these titles was symbolic of Mirza Ghalib's incorporation into the nobility of Delhi. He was also an important courtier of the royal court of the Emperor. As the Emperor was himself a poet, Mirza Ghalib was appointed as his poet tutor in He was also appointed by the Emperor as the royal historian of the Mughal Court.

Being a member of declining Mughal nobility and old landed aristocracy, he never worked for a livelihood, lived on either royal patronage of Mughal Emperors, credit, or the generosity of his friends. His fame came to him posthumously. He had himself remarked during his lifetime that he would be recognized by later generations. After the decline of the Mughal Empire and the rise of the British Raj, despite his many attempts, Ghalib could never get the full pension restored.

Literary mirza ghalib bharat bhushan biography Ghalib started composing poetry at the age of His first language was Urdu, but Persian and Turkish were also spoken at home. He received an education in Persian and Arabic at a young age. He stayed at Ghalib's home for two years and taught him Persian, Arabic, philosophy, and logic. Although Ghalib valued Persian over Urdu, his fame rests on his writings in Urdu.

Numerous commentaries on Ghalib's ghazal compilations have been written by Urdu scholars. Before Ghalib, the ghazal was primarily an expression of anguished love; but Ghalib expressed philosophy, the travails, and mysteries of life and wrote ghazals on many other subjects, vastly expanding the scope of the ghazal. In keeping with the conventions of the classical ghazal, in most of Ghalib's verses, the identity and the gender of the beloved are indeterminate.

Love poetry in Urdu from the last quarter of the seventeenth century onwards consists mostly of "poems about love" and not "love poems" in the Western sense of the term. It contains complete Roman transliteration, explication, and an extensive lexicon. Pensions and Patronage Ghalib has been described as having been concerned about receiving pensions more so than building an estate or engaging in commerce.

Ghalib was paid a monthly salary of 62 rupees and 8 annas from his uncle's government pension until He travelled to Calcutta and presented a petition to the Governor-General to keep receiving money from this pension. One of Ghalib's ambitions in life was to become the highest-ranking Ustaad for the royal Mughal Court. This position not only would prove his artistic mastership but also provide a salary of rupees a month.

Before becoming the official poet laureate of the court, Ghalib was paid a salary of 50 rupees a month to write histories on the history of the House of Taimur. Letters Mirza Ghalib was a gifted letter writer. Not only Urdu poetry but prose is indebted to Mirza Ghalib. His letters gave foundation to easy and popular Urdu. Before Ghalib, letter writing in Urdu was highly ornamental.

He made his letters "talk" by using words and sentences as if he were conversing with the reader. According to Ghalib: His letters were very informal; sometimes he would just write the name of the person and start the letter. He was very humorous and wrote very interesting letters. In one letter he wrote, "Main koshish karta hoon ke koi aisi baat likhoon jo padhe khush ho jaaye'" I want to write lines such that whoever reads them would enjoy them.

Some scholars say that Ghalib would have the same place in Urdu literature based on his letters only. Ghalib was a chronicler of a turbulent period. He staunchly disdained the practices of certain Ulema, who in his poems represent narrow-mindedness and hypocrisy. Ghalib also wrote a qasida of verses in dedication to Muhammad. Ghalib described himself as a sinner who should be silent before Muhammad as he was not worthy of addressing Muhammad, who, according to him, was praised by God.

Once, when the Indian rebellion of was in full swing, soldiers had dragged Ghalib to Colonel Burn for interrogation. This was on October 5,in Delhi.

Mirza ghalib bharat bhushan biography

You Muslim? This rare collection contains 11, verses of Ghalib, was compiled by Dr. Syed Taqi Abedi. Speaking at the occasion, Dr. Abidi said that the study of Ghalib would be incomplete without his Persian poetry. Taqi offered an analytical study of the works of legendary poet Mirza Ghalib, both in Persian as well as Urdu. He informs that Ghalib wrote 1, couplets in Urdu by the year as against the 11, in Persian.

He also opined that Ghalib was a visionary, a poet of humanism whose works are popular even after three centuries. Mirza Ghalib breathed his last on February 15, He was buried in Hazrat Nizamuddin near the tomb of Nizamuddin Auliya. The happiness of the world is nothing for me for my heart is left with no feeling besides blood. His critics accused him of writing in an obscure and ornamental style of Persian incomprehensible to the masses.

The life of this virtuoso has been portrayed in films and theater in both India and Pakistan. Were this all! The future will show What more remains for me to see. Death and Legacy Mirza Ghalib breathed his last on February 15,