Erfindung globus martin behaim biography

Herstellung [ Bearbeiten Quelltext bearbeiten ]. Antike und mittelalterliche Quellen [ Bearbeiten Quelltext bearbeiten ]. Behaims Reisen [ Bearbeiten Quelltext bearbeiten ]. Kartographischer Wert [ Bearbeiten Quelltext bearbeiten ]. Digitalisierung des Globus [ Bearbeiten Quelltext bearbeiten ]. Weltdokumentenerbe [ Bearbeiten Quelltext bearbeiten ].

The final globe was completed before July and was housed in the Nuremberg City Hall. The Christian message and the pro-Portuguese slant suggest that the globe was meant for public display to encourage Nuremberg's trade ties with Portugal. Behaim offered little new in terms of geographical ideas, but his globe is evidence that Columbus's ideas were not unique.

Columbus's notion that San Salvador was an outlying Japanese island is consistent with Behaim's placement of islands across the Atlantic. Both could have reached these conclusions by combining the land distances of the late-thirteenth-century-traveler Marco Polo with Ptolemy's estimate of the earth's size. The only new information on the globe involves information about the western coast of Africa, such as place names and an awareness that Bartholomeu Dias had voyaged around the Cape of Good Hope.

Yet, Behaim placed this known information on a scaled globe that included latitude and, to the extent it was known, longitude. This fact allowed landmasses to be drawn in their true shapes and placed Africa at the center of the map, whereas most political and commercial maps of the period placed Africa on the periphery.

Erfindung globus martin behaim biography

The globe's true legacy is evident in the extent to which later cartographers struggled to make new discoveries fit Behaim's framework rather than revise Behaim's world. It is traditionally acknowledged that he was a disciple of Regiomontauns, from whom he may have learned how to use astronomical instruments. He quite certainly was influenced by the Ephemerides published by the latter between and As a youth he began in the textile business in landers.

He was business in Lisbon in The cross staff, invented by Levi ben Gerson, was already well known on the Iberian Peninsula ; and the declination of the sun given in the Tabula directionum of Regiomontauns is different from that found in the Regimento do astrolabio Tractado da spera do mundo prepared by the Council of Mathematicians for use by navigators.

The latter was also involved in the scientific movement at the University of Salamanca with Diego Ortiz and Juan de Salayaand thus one must believe that the scientific elements that made celestial navigation possible were already present on the peninsula before the erfindung globus martin behaim biography of Behaim. It is difficult to determine whether he carried out an observation of the latitude of the North Star while on this trip, or whether this should be attributed to Diogo Gomes who dictated his memoirs to Behaim and thus be dated a few years eariler.

I marked the latitude of the North Pole on the table of the quadrant, and I noticed that the quardant is more useful than the chart. It is true that on the latter one can see the sea route, but if it is incorrect [i. From to he was in Nuremberg, where with the assistance of the painter Glockenthon he built his famous globe. Upon his return to Portugal, Behaim was entrusted with a number of official missions and was taken prisoner by the English while on a journey to Flanders.

After he was released, he took up residence in Fayal. He died in the Hospice of Saint Bartholomew while on one of his trips to Lisbon. A nautical chart, since lost, that showed the strait discovered years later by Magellan was attributed to Behaim. His most important work, which places him among the greatest geographers of the Renaissance, is the globe that has been preserved in Nuremberg.

It is a sphere fifty-one centimeters in diameter, covered with parchment luxuriously adorned with many types of figures miniatures, forty-eight banners, and fifteen coats of arms. Many inscriptions clarify and explain, from the most diverse points of view, the geography of 1, localities in many parts of the world. Actually, this globe constitutes an adaptation of a nautical chart onto a sphere.

It lacks coordinates, but it does represent the equator and the tropics. The space between the western coast of Europe and the eastern coast of Asia is full of fanciful islands from medieval tradition, such as Antilia, which has no relation to the Antilles. For information on Behaim and his work, see G. Collection de documents I, Regimento do astrolabio e do quadrante.

Tractado da spera do mundofacs. Munich, ;S. German-Portuguese cartographer and navigator who created the first world globe. Behaim was born to a well-to-do merchant family in Nuremberg, Germany. After studying with the famed astronomer Regiomontanus, he traveled to Lisbon, Portugal, where he was appointed to the "junta dos mathmaticos" commission of King John II.

The purpose of this commission was to find a better method for determining latitude, which Behaim accomplished by ascertaining the position of the Sun, Moon and stars. Upon his return to Nuremberg inBehaim constructed the very first globe, with the assistance of painter Georg Glockendon. On it is represented the equator, one meridian, the tropics and the constellations of the zodiac.

Martin Behaim gale. Learn more about citation styles Citation styles Encyclopedia. Behaim, Martin gale. Behaim, Martin also known as Martin of Bohemia b. Nuremberg, Germany, ; d. Juan Vernet. Glockendon's map drawings were painted onto parchment strips and pasted into position around the sphere. The globe contains more than 2, place names, pictorial illustrations plus 48 banners and 15 coats of armsand more than 50 long legends.

Many of the notations deal with fabulous monsters of foreign countries and their inhabitants, plants and animals. Many notes also deal with trade, explorations, and famous travelers like Marco Polo. The world map depicted on the Behaim globe is based primarily on the geography of the second-century geographer Ptolemy. It also combines geographical information from other sources, including Marco PoloJohn Mandevilleand Portuguese explorer Diogo Gomes.

It is notable for lacking more current Portuguese geographic data which should have been available to Behaim and it contains numerous errors that did not reflect contemporary geographical understanding. The completed globe, which came to be called Erdapfel earth apple by the townspeople, was originally housed in Nuremberg's city hall.

In the 17th century the Behaim family took possession of the globe. It was inexpertly restored in and again inresulting in the corruption of many place-names and labels. The German National Museum in Nuremberg later took possession of the globe, which is commonly known as the Nuremberg Terrestrial Globe. The antiquity of this globe and the year of its execution, on the eve of the discovery of the Americasmakes it not just the oldest globe but also represents an encyclopedia of Europe's knowledge of the known world in Contents move to sidebar hide.

Article Talk. Read Edit View history. Tools Tools. Download as PDF Printable version. Although it did not use the modern method of indicating latitude and longitude, it included the equator, meridians, tropics, and zodiac signs. The globe also featured brief descriptions of various countries and illustrations of their inhabitants. In JulyMartin Behaim returned to Portugal.

Information about his life after creating the Behaim Globe is scarce. It is known that he engaged in trade on the island of Faial until and then moved to Lisbon. He died there on July 29,in great poverty, and the reasons for his impoverished state remain unknown. Martin Behaim German scientist, merchant and navigator Date of Birth: Contact About Privacy.